Summary

Pratap Singh I (May 9, 1540 - January 19, 1597), popularly known as Maharana Pratap, was the 13th king of Mewar, a region of northwestern India in the present state of Rajasthan. He was called "Mewari Rana" and was notable for his military resistance against the expansionism of the Mughal Empire. He was the king of the Sisodia Rajput dynasty in Udaipur, Mewar. His name is immortal for bravery and determination in history. He did not accept the submission of the Mughal emperor Akbar and fought for many years. Maharana Pratap Singh also defeated the Mughals several times in battle.

He was born in Kumbhalgarh, present day Rajasthan, to Maharana Uday Singh and his mother Rani Jaywant Kanwar. According to the writer James Tod, Maharana Pratap was born in Kumbhalgarh, Mewar. According to historian Vijay Nahar, according to the tradition of Rajput society and the birth chart and census of Maharana Pratap, Maharana Pratap was born in Pali palaces. In the Haldighati war of 158, Rana Pratap took 500 of the Amer Sardar King Mansingh with 500 Bhils. Facing an army of 10,000 people. Bhil Sardar Rana Punja ji's contribution to the Haldighati war was commendable. You were saved by Jhala Mansingh, who was surrounded by the enemy army, and asked Maharana to leave the battlefield. Shakti Singh saved Maharana by giving his horse. The dear Ashwa Chetak also died. This war lasted only one day but it killed 14,000 people. Akbar made every effort to win Mewar. Maharana's condition worsened day by day. Bhamashah also became immortal by giving a grant of 25,000 soldiers for 12 years.

There are two hypotheses on the question of the birthplace of Maharana Pratap. The first Maharana Pratap was born in the fort of Kumbhalgarh because Maharana Udai Singh and Jayavantabai were married in the palace of Kumbhalgarh. The second belief is that he was born in the Pali palaces. Maharana Pratap's mother's name was Jayavanta Bai, daughter of Sonagara Akhairaj of Pali. Maharana Pratap's childhood was spent with the Bhil community, he learned martial arts from the Bhils, the Bhils called their son Kika, so the Bhils called Maharana as Kika. According to author Vijay Nahar's book, Hinduva Surya Maharana Pratap, Uday Singh was surrounded by war and insecurity when Pratap was born. Kumbhalgarh was by no means safe. Raja Maldev of Jodhpur was the most powerful in northern India at that time. And Jaiwanta Bai's father and son Soni, Sonagara Akheraj Maldev was a feudal and trusted general.

For this reason, Pali and Marwar were safe in every respect. That is why Jayavanta Bai was sent to Pali. V. No. Jyestha Shukla Tritiya No. 1597 Pratap was born in Pali Marwar. Upon receiving the good news of Pratap's birth, Uday Singh's army started the march and won the victory against Banveer in the Mavali war and took the right on the throne of Chittor. According to the senior assistant, the birthplace of Maharana Pratap remains at Juni Kachari Pali, a remnant of Maharao's citadel. Here the temple of Kuldevi Naganachi of Sonagar is still safe. According to the book, as per ancient traditions, the first son of a girl is in her pir.

According to historian Arjun Singh Shekhawat, the natal chart of Maharana Pratap comes from the ancient dayman system of midnight 17

The story of the book of Dr. Hukam Singh Bhati Sonagara Sanchora Chauhan 1987 and the book of historian Muhta Nainasi Khyat Marwar Ra Pargana Ri is also evident in the past "Kanye Javantabai of the famous Thakur Akheraj Sonagara of Pali, V. No.1597, Jestha Sudi 3 Sunday after sunrise 47 The clock is 13 years old has given birth to such a resplendent child. Blessed be this land of Pali which has given birth to a jewel like Pratap".

Rana Udai Singh's second queen Dheerbai, known as Rani Bhatiyani in the history of the state, wanted to make her son Kunwar Jagmal the successor of Mewar. As Pratap's successor, Jagmal entered Akbar's camp in protest. The first coronation of Maharana Pratap took place at Gogunda on February 28, 1572, but the second coronation of Rana Pratap as law took place in the fort of Kumbhalgarh in 1572 AD, the second coronation was also attended by Rao Chandrasen, the Rathore ruler of Jodhpur.

Rana Pratap has had a total of 11 marriages in his life. His wives and sons and daughters received from him are names.

Maharana Pratap, a tiger hunter at the age of 13, was a very rich and intelligent leader since childhood, once upon a time his uncle and Maharana Pratap were crossing the jungle, when a tiger in front of them saw Gaya Bagh Uncle panicked and hid in fear. At the same time, Maharana Pratap bravely took out a knife and threw the tiger in the air and at that time he was only 13 years old.

The most interesting fact during the reign of Maharana Pratap is that Mughal Emperor Akbar wanted to bring Pratap under his control, so Akbar appointed four ambassadors to convince Pratap, in which Jalal Khan first entered Pratap's camp in September 1572 AD. In the same sequence Mansingh (in 1573 A.D.), Bhagwandas (in September 1573 A.D.) and Raja Todarmal (December 1573 A.D.) arrived to explain Pratap, but Rana Pratap disappointed all four, so Rana Pratap refused to accept the subjugation of the Mughals leading to the historic Haldi Valley War.

Battle of Haldighati

This war took place between Mewar and the Mughals on June 14, 158 AD. In this war, the Mewar army was led by Maharana Pratap. Rila Poonja, the leader of the Bhil army was Bhil. The only Muslim leader who fought on behalf of Maharana Pratap in this war was Hakim Khan Suri.

Mansingh and Asaf Khan led the Mughal army in this war. Abdul Qadir Badayuni narrated the eyes of this war. This war was indirectly called as Jihad by Asaf Khan. Rana Poonja Bhil played an important role in this war. In this battle, Jhalaman of Binda saved the life of Maharana Pratap by sacrificing his life. At the same time, the Gwalior king 'Raja Ramshah Tomar' was also sleeping at Chirnidra with his three sons 'Kunwar Shalivahan', 'Kunwar Bhawani Singh' Kunwar Pratap Singh' and his grandson Balbhadra Singh and hundreds of brave Tomar Rajput warriors.

Historians believe that there was no victory in this war. But if seen, Maharana Pratap Singh won this battle. How long a handful of Rajputs would have stood in front of Akbar's vast army, but nothing happened, the battle lasted for a whole day and the Rajputs had saved six of the Mughals and the biggest thing was that the battle took place face to face. The Maharana's army forced the Mughal army to retreat and the Mughal army started to flee. You can read more detailed information about this war on the Haldighati war article.

Views to go

He returned to the woods and continued his fight. After one of his attempts at confrontation failed, Pratap resorted to guerrilla tactics. Using his hills as a base, Pratap began to massively disperse the Mughal troops camped there. He was adamant that the Mughal troops in Mewar should never find peace: Akbar led three uprisings and tried in vain to find Pratap hiding in the mountains. Meanwhile, he received financial support from Pratap Bamasha as a sympathizer. Bill, a native of the Aravalli Hills, helped Pratap with his support during the war and with the means to live in the jungle on peaceful days. Thus, many years passed. James Todd writes, "Without even an octopus in the Aravalli series, there is no way a great freedom fighter like Maharana Pratap Singh could have been heroic: something could have won both a stunning victory or often a massive defeat." In one incident, Pills escaped at the right time and abducted Rajput women and children by kidnapping them from the deep zinc mines of Savar near Udaipur. Later, Pratap moved his location to Sawand in the southeastern part of Mewar. Following the Mughal search wave, all the exiles had lived for years in the jungle, eating wild berries, hunting and fishing. According to legend, Pratap was in hard times Pills fled at the right time and abducted the Rajput women and children by kidnapping them through the deep zinc mines of Savar near Udaipur. Later, Pratap moved his location to Chawand, in the southeastern part of Mewar. Following the Mughal search wave, all the exiles had lived for years in the jungle, eating wild berries, hunting and fishing. According to legend, Pratap was in hard times Pills fled at the right time and abducted the Rajput women and children by kidnapping them through the deep zinc mines of Savar near Udaipur. Later, Pratap moved his location to Chawand, in the southeastern part of Mewar. Following the Mughal search wave, all the exiles had lived for years in the jungle, eating wild berries, hunting and fishing. According to legend, Pratap was in hard times. All the deportees had lived for many years in the foothills eating wild berries, hunting and fishing. According to the legend, Pratap was in hard days All the deportees had lived for many years in the canyons with wild berries and hunted and fished. According to the legend, Pratap was in hard days had to eat chapatti made of grass seeds.

Letter from Prithviraj Rathore and subsequent reply

When the exiles were starving, they wrote a letter to Pratap Akbar, stating that he was ready for a peace settlement. Pratap's leader (his mother's sister's child) Prithviraj Rathore, who was one of Akbar's troopers, said:

"Hindu beliefs are based on the rise of the Hindu sun but Rana has abandoned them. But it is for Pratap, everything will be considered by Akbar at the same level; Because our leaders have lost their courage and our women have lost their value. In our race, Akbar is always a market broker; He bought everything in bulk but only Uday's son (He was too far for his price. How much the Rajputs respected Naurokoff [during the Persian New Year, Akbar chooses women for his pleasure]; Yet how many people consider it bartering? Will Chittoor come to this market...? Pratap Singh (affectionately known as Patta) spent his wealth (on war tactics) and in battalions, though he kept this treasure. Grief drove the humans to this market, and they saw their self-esteem suffer: only the descendants of Hammir (Maha Rana Hammir) were protected from such a crime. The world may wonder where the indirect help for Pratap came from? Not from anywhere but with his manhood and sword. The broker of the human market (He will not live forever. So will our race reach Pratap, who will sow Rajput seeds in inhuman lands? According to him, everyone wants to preserve him, revive and illuminate his sanctity. It would not be credible if Pratap Akbar was called the emperor, because the sun somehow rises in a faster direction. Where should I stand Put your sword around my neck? Or wear proudly? Say that? Told me. It would not be credible if Pratap Akbar was called the emperor, because the sun somehow rises in a faster direction. Where should I stand Put your sword around my neck? Or wear proudly? Say that? Told me. It would not be credible if Pratap Akbar was called the emperor, because the sun somehow rises in a faster direction. Where should I stand Put your sword around my neck? Or take it proudly? Say that?"

So Pratap answered him:

"My lord Ekling, Pratap is simply called the Turkish emperor, the word 'Turkish' is a derogatory term in many Indian languages and the sun will certainly appear in the east. "You can wear your pride as long as Pratap's sword turns on the heads of the Mughals." As far as Sanga's blood is concerned, if you want to be patient on Akbar! You must have improved the word war. " "

Battle of Dewar

In the history of Rajasthan, the Diwar is considered an important war in 1582, because in this war the lost kingdoms of Rana Pratap were recovered, after which a long struggle between Rana Pratap and the Mughals took place in the form of a war, because of which Colonel James Todd called this war the "Mewar Marathon.

North of Mewar, the river Dewar is unique in other places. Its position is between the Madaria mountain range and Kumbhalgarh. In ancient times, this mountainous region was dominated by Gurjara Pratiharas, who were called Mer because of their settlement in this area. There are many remains of the original settlements of this caste. In medieval times, the Rajputs of the Deora caste became dominant here, whose settlements were established in the surrounding fertile parts and expanded to the inner girwa near Udaipur. Even today, the Deora Rajputs are inhabited in large numbers in the hilly regions of Chikli. After the Devadas, the Rajputs of the Rawat branch settled here.

There are several reasons why these different communities settled in Diwara. First of all, Diwar has a strategic importance, the community which was famous for its bravery, they settled here because of their bravery and their established influence on each other. Another important reason is that its position is on such routes from where the exchange of Marwar, Malwa, Gujarat, Ajmer was facilitated. These routes can still be considered as rugged routes with narrow valleys. Due to the movement with them for centuries, there is a time on the signs of the upper stones of the horses. Water is also not lacking in the routes, for which the remains of the dam of springs are visible everywhere. From the point of view of security, the ruins of the checkpoints are also visible from one place to another. When Akbar occupied Kumbhalgarh, Deogarh, Madariya, etc., Dewar was chosen as a defense site to maintain relations with the outposts there. A large contingent of horsemen and elephants were kept there. It was also an easy place to send logistics to the outposts.

While Maharana Pratap was busy setting up settlements in the mountainous parts of Chhappan and desolating the fields in the flat parts of Mewar, Akbar remained involved in sending food from the northern army posts through the Diwar road. Pratap's policies succeeded in removing fifty-six posts and weakening the centrally located Mewar outposts, but the center of Dewar was still strong for the Mughals.

In this context, Maharana Pratap of Dewar and the Mughal struggle were linked. To prepare for this war, Pratap prepared a new plan to strengthen his power. However, the fifty-six zone had become Mughal and due to the lack of logistics in the center of Mewar, the Mughal outposts were gone, now only in the north of Mewar, it was necessary to take measures with regard to the Mughal and Diwars outposts.

In this regard, the Maharana started sending his expeditions to Gujarat and Malwa as well as raids in the surrounding Mughal jurisdiction. In the same sequence, Bhamashah, who was the chief of Mewar and a pioneer of the military system, marched on Malway and collected a huge sum of money, taking 2.3 lakh rupees and 20,000 Ashrafis as punishment. Bringing this amount, he dedicated the Maharana to the village of Chuliya. Meanwhile, when Shahbaz Khan returned disappointed, Maharana established his authority over the Mughal police stations of Kumbhalgarh and Madariya. Maharana's possession of these two places was indicative of the plan to capture Dewar.

Therefore, a new army was organized to succeed in this direction. Logistics and weapons were gathered everywhere. Money and facilities were made available to the soldiers. The enthusiasm of Sirohi, Eider, Jalore colleagues was strengthened. All these arrangements were made in secret. The Mughals were under the illusion that Pratap was leaving Mewar to go elsewhere. The soldiers of the Mughal outposts left from such a confusing atmosphere began to remain passionate. When all sorts of preparations were made, Maharana Pratap, Ku. Amarsingh, Bhamashah, Chundavat, Shaktawat, Solanki, Padihar, the Rajputs of the Rawat branch and other Rajput chiefs marched in force towards Dewar. The other routes and roads of the Diver were established with Bhils groups, so that the remaining military posts elsewhere in Mewar could not be connected with the Dewar.

Suddenly, the Maharana's army reached Dewar, there was a stampede in the Mughal contingent. The Mughal soldiers left the valley in search of the plains and fled to the northern pass. Maharana followed the advancing army with his entourage. The road to the valley was so thorny and bumpy that the Mughal soldiers used to fight in the field were disoriented. Finally, at the other end of the valley, where there was some width and there was also a source of the river, Maharana captured them. Mughal officer of the police station of Dewar, Sultan Khan Amarsingh besieged him and attacked him with a spear in such a way that it went through the body of the horse, tearing Sultankhan. The life of horse and rider was gone. Maharana also did the work of Bahlokhan and his horse. A Rajput chief cut off the hind leg of the elephant with his sword. Vijayashree Maharana was involved in this war.

This victory of the Maharana proved so effective that it led the Mughal police stations that were in Mewar in an active or inactive state, the number of which would be 36, to rise from here. The imperial army, which was lying like prisoners, fought, starved and fled to the Mughal territories. Even before 1585 AD, Akbar became indifferent to Mewar because of the northwestern problem, which gave the Maharana now a good opportunity to join the public interest by building a new capital at Chawand. The conquest of Dewar is a brilliant record in the life of Maharana. Where the battle of Haldighati was a war of moral victory and trial, the war of divor-rapli became a decisive war. As a result of this victory, the Maharana's authority over the whole of Mewar was established. In a sense, in the battle of Haldighati, the Rajputs repaid the blood of the Diywar. The conquest of Diver proved that the valor, determination and pride of the Maharana's lineage were irrefutable and indelible, the battle also showed that the Maharana's moral strength of sacrifice and his spirit of self-sacrifice had overcome authoritarian politics. Colonel Todd referred to the battle of Haldighati as "Thermopolis" and "Merothan." Just as a small unit like Athens defeated the mighty power of Persia in "Merothan", so a small state like Mewar defeated the vast military force of the Mughal state at Dewar.

Success and expiration

Later, from 1579 to 1585, rebellions continued in the Mughal-occupied territories of eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bengal, Bihar and Gujarat and the Maharana also won fortress after fortress, so Akbar remained moderate in suppressing this rebellion and Mewar. The pressure of the Mughals decreased. Maharana took advantage of this in 1585 AD. In Mewar, the liberation efforts intensified. The Maharana's army began attacking Mughal outposts and immediately the Maharana's authority was re-established at 36 important places, including Udaipur.

By the time Maharana Pratap came to the throne, his power was restored over as much land as he had authority over in the land of Mewar. Even after twelve years of struggle, Akbar could not change it. And so Maharana Pratap succeeded in freeing Mewar after a long period of struggle and this time turned out to be a golden age for Mewar. Akbar's eclipse over Mewar ended in 1585 AD. After that, Maharana Pratap embarked on the comfort of his kingdom, but unfortunately after his eleven years, he died on January 19, 1597 in his new capital Chavand.

Fearing Maharana Pratap Singh, Akbar moved his capital to Lahore and brought Maharana to heaven after his arrival.

Maha Rana Pratap died in an accident while hunting. He died at Chawand on January 29, 1597, at the age of fifty-six. On the verge of death, his son, Amar Singh was made to swear that his next heir would continue to fight the Mughals permanently. Thus, his difficult circumstances did not make him stronger in his declining years; he was courageously standing until the end. He lived without sleeping in his bed, sleeping on the floor and living in a hut until his vow to take over the entire kingdom of Akbar captured Chittoor.

Amar Singh, the son of Maharana Pratap, fought seventeen times against the Mughals, but conditionally accepted them as rulers. At this time, the trusted Rajputs of Maharana Pratap were released from the illusion of surrender and left Rajasthan. The congregation consisted of Rhodes, Theora Chowkans, Pariharas, Domaras, Kachwahs and Jhalaks. They were called "Roars" and settled in Haryana, of which only a few migrated to Uttar Pradesh. Even today, they do not marry other Rajputs but the "Gotra permission" still occurs within the Roar community.

Maharana Pratap is a great hero in the eyes of Indians and is much appreciated and loved by his people. In a dark chapter of Hindu history, Pratap was the only one who stood firm in his honor and dignity; he never gave up his dignity to defend himself. He died a proud and independent man.

Sources

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